MY HEALTH HEADLINES: 'Cold virus' behind 100,000 child deaths worldwide by 2019: Lancet study

Wednesday, June 1, 2022

'Cold virus' behind 100,000 child deaths worldwide by 2019: Lancet study

This is the first study to assess the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in a younger age group.

In 2019, a virus that often causes cold symptoms is responsible for more than 100,000 child deaths worldwide, according to a new study published in The Lancet.

"RSV is the most common cause of severe lower extremity disease in infants, and our latest estimates suggest that children six months and younger are most at risk," said Harris Nair, co-author b 'the study by the University of Edinburgh in the UK said.

This is “especially as the number of cases is increasing as COVID-19 restrictions are relaxed worldwide and the majority of babies born in the last 2 years have never been infected with RSV (and therefore have no immunity to the virus). ),” Nair said.

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The researchers found that with more RSV vaccine populations in the pipeline, rough estimates based on age help identify priority groups.

This includes pregnant people, so that children of younger ages can be protected, similar to current technology that provides vaccines for pregnancy, typhoid, and tetanus, they said.

The findings are in close agreement with previous estimates from a 2015 study, which put the annual number of RSV cases in children up to age five at 33.1 million, resulting in 118,200 deaths , the researchers say.

However, these new estimates of RSV mortality at the global, regional, and national levels for 2019 are modeled on data from more than a hundred recent studies, they said.

This allowed the researchers to provide estimates for a range of age groups - including from 28 days to six months, which are known to be the ages with the highest rates of RSV deaths and local mortality rates, i.e., deaths which did not occur in the hospital .

Worldwide in 2019, there were 33 million cases of RSV-associated acute lower respiratory infection in children under five, resulting in 3.6 million hospitalizations, 26,300 in-hospital deaths and 101,400 of these deaths attributable RSV throughout, researchers reported .

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That accounts for 1 in 50, or 2 percent of annual deaths from any cause this year, they said.

For children under six months of age, there were 6.6 million episodes of acute RSV-associated infection episodes worldwide in 2019, according to researchers.

There were 1.4 million hospitalizations, 13,300 in-hospital deaths and 45,700 overall deaths attributed to RSV during these years, which is one in 50, or 2.1 percent of all-cause annual deaths , they said.

Based on estimates of in-hospital mortality rates versus overall in-hospital mortality rates, globally only 26%, or about one in four RSV-related deaths occur in hospital.

This is particularly evident in low- and middle-income countries, where the in-hospital mortality rate for children under five is 1.4 percent, compared to 0 .1 percent in developed countries a lot of money.

Overall, 97 percent of RSV deaths among children under five years of age occurred in low- and middle-income countries.

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“Our study shows that three-quarters of RSV deaths occur outside the hospital. This disparity is rising sharply in LMICs, especially among children under six months of age, where more than 80 percent of deaths occur in the country,” study author Xin Wang, Nanjing Medical University, China and University of Edinburgh said.

“This indicates that access to and availability of health care is still limited in these communities. Rapid local identification and referral of sick children (especially those with low peripheral blood oxygen levels), and effective and cost-effective universal immunization programs will be critical priorities going forward,” Wang said he said, smirking.

The authors acknowledge some limitations in their study. Differences in factors such as study setting, specific case definition for acute lower respiratory infection (ALRI), access to treatment and seeking behavior, and ability to test for RSV may affect the estimates of mortality rates developed by they use modeling, they said.

CONCLUSION :-

The study is the first to assess the burden of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in younger age groups, saying that in 2019 there were more than 45,000 infant deaths under six months, in one in five in worldwide for RSV outbreaks that occurred this year group. This allowed the researchers to provide estimates for a range of age groups - including from 28 days to six months, which are known to be the ages with the highest rates of RSV deaths and local mortality rates, i.e., deaths which did not occur in the hospital . There were 1.4 million hospitalizations, 13,300 in-hospital deaths and 45,700 overall deaths attributed to RSV during these years, which is one in 50, or 2.1 percent of all-cause annual deaths , they said.

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